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| Registros recuperados: 390 | |
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| Homer,Ian; García-Ramos,Francisco Javier; Ortiz-Cañavate,Jaime; Ruiz-Altisent,Margarita. |
| A non-destructive impact sensor to measure on-line fruit firmness was evaluated. This sensor is an adaptation of a static model used in the laboratory to measure fruit quality and was installed in an experimental fruit packing line with a commercial sizer chain. The firmness index is related to the acceleration-time curve supplied by an accelerometer attached to an impacting arm. The main objective of this study was to evaluate sensor performance and sources of variation. We made classification trials on three fruits: peaches (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch), apples (Malus domestica Borkh.), and pears (Pyrus communis L.), as well as working trials, such as placing the fruit, orientation, and others. The sensor works correctly at a speed of 7 fruits s-1 (0.63 m... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Packing line; Fruit quality; Peach; Low-energy impact; Sorting. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392010000100007 |
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| Behmer,Sergio; Di Prinzio,Alcides; Striebeck,Guillermina; Magdalena,Jorge. |
| Fruit production demands several phytosanitary treatments per year. The efficiency of these treatments is affected by product loss because of drift, a situation that is aggravated by frequent high winds and the presence of a substantial rural population. The objective of this study was to evaluate the distribution and to quantify product losses in fruit orchard applications. Fluorescent tracers with air-blast sprayers were applied, using air-induction hollow cone nozzles, compared to conventional hollow cone nozzles. To evaluate drift, pipes cleaner were placed on columns behind the adjacent row to the treated one, and for the losses under the tree, Petri dishes were located below the treated row; for the distribution in the tree, leaves were collected... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Orchards; Sprayers; Drift; Air-induction nozzles. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392010000300017 |
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| Salazar S,Francisco; Rosas U,Marianela. |
| Currently in Chile, there is a lack of tools to determine the real-time nutrient contribution of slurries. This study aims to evaluate three quick tests for their accuracy in estimating the total contents of N (TN), P (TP), K (TK), and ammonium-N (N-NH4+) in dairy slurries. The quick tests included the Agros Nova Meter, Quantofix N Volumeter, and a hydrometer. While the Agros and Quantofix meters directly measure the ammonium-N content; the hydrometer indirectly estimates the total content of N, P, and K based on linear relationships with the slurry DM. Samples (73) were collected from dairy farms along Southern Chile (39° to 44° S and 71 to 73° W). Analyses were carried out on laboratory conditions using conventional techniques as well as using each of... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Slurry; Organic residue; Chemical analysis; Nutrients. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392012000300021 |
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| Real,Daniel; Li,Guangdi D; Clark,Steve; Albertsen,Tony O; Hayes,Richard C; Denton,Matt D; DAntuono,Mario F; Dear,B.S. |
| There is an absence of drought tolerant herbaceous perennial forage legume and herb options other than lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) for environments with Mediterranean-like climates common in extensive areas of Southern Australia, the Mediterranean basin, and Chile. Therefore, a collection of 174 forage perennial legume and herb entries from 103 species and 32 genera was evaluated for adaptation in a diverse range of Mediterranean climatic environments in Southern Australia. The seasonal rainfall distribution varied from moderately to highly winter dominant with long term average annual rainfall ranging from 318 to 655 mm. The entries were rated for productivity and persistence over 3 yr. The 12 entries identified as the most promising for winter, summer,... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Herbage yield; Legume persistence; Australian native germplasm. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392011000300003 |
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| Basij,Moslem; Askarianzaeh,Alireza; Asgari,Shahriyar; Moharramipou,Saeid; Rafezi,Ramin. |
| The leafminer, Liriomyza sativae Blanchard, is distributed around the world and is an important pest of vegetables and ornamentals. Given the resistance potential of the leafminer to current insecticides, the use of resistant plant cultivars and parasitoids could be effective integrated pest management (IPM) strategies against it. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is a preferred host for this insect. Seventeen cultivars of cucumber have been evaluated to study resistance mechanisms to L. sativae. All cucumber cultivars were evaluated in screening tests in greenhouse with indices such as the number of leafminer stings, the number of larval mines, the proportion of larval mines to leafminer stings, and the rate of injury. Significant differences (p < 0.01)... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Cucumber cultivar; Screening; Antibiosis; Screening. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392011000300008 |
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| Toledo,Roger; Engler,Alejandra; Ahumada,Víctor. |
| Risk in the agricultural sector has multiple dimensions or factors and prioritization of these can support decision making. On the other hand, knowing the importance of these risk factors for distinct agricultural activities and how they vary according to geographic zone constitutes relevant information for agricultural development. The objective of this study was to prioritize risk factors that are highly relevant for farmers in Central South Chile. The multi-criteria Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) methodology was used to define a decision structure with four risk factors or criteria: climate, price and direct cost variability, human factor, and commercialization. In general, results obtained showed that there are no important imbalances in the... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Risk analysis; AHP; Multi-criteria decisions. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392011000100014 |
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| Wong,Wendy; Barba,Paola; Álvarez,Catalina; Castro,Álvaro; Acuña,Manuel; Zamora,Pablo; Rosales,Marlene; Dell´Orto,Paola; Moynihan,Michael R; Scorza,Ralph; Prieto,Humberto. |
| The transgenic plum (Prunus domestica L.) C5, in which the coat protein (CP) gene of the Plum pox virus (PPV) is inserted, represents a unique example of the use of genetic engineering for fruit crop improvement in Prunus spp. Field trials in Poland, Romania, and Spain have demonstrated resistance of C5 to several D and M strain PPV isolates. In Chile, the quarantine regulations for PPV and for genetically modified (GM) plants require that the testing of C5 for resistance to Chilean PPV isolates be done under controlled isolated conditions. To carry out these tests C5 shoots were multiplied in vitro and micro-grafted onto four Adesoto101 (Prunus insititia L.) rootstock populations that had been previously infected each with one of four Chilean PPV-Ds.... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: C5; Chilean isolates; Micro-grafting. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392010000300004 |
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| Araneda Durán,Ximena; Breve Ulloa,Rodrigo; Aguilera Carrillo,José; Lavín Contreras,Jorge; Toneatti Bastidas,Marcelo. |
| Recent introduction of hybrid varieties raises the question if bees (Apis mellifera L.) contribute as pollinator agents in developing the full yield potential of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). In order to evaluate the yield achieved by B. napus cv. Artus pollinated by A. mellifera testing was carried out in the district of Freire, La Araucanía Region, Chile. This consisted in isolating or excluding rapeseed plants from pollinators with exclusion cages. Treatments applied were total exclusion (T1), partial exclusion (T2) and free pollination (T0) with a density of 6.5 hives ha-1, in order to determine the following yield components traits: grains per silique, siliques per plant, 1000 grain weight and yield. The experimental design used was randomized... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Bee hives; Pollination. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392010000200014 |
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| Aziz Khan,Hammad; Ziaf,Khurram; Amjad,Muhammad; Iqbal,Qumer. |
| Polyamines are low molecular weight organic compounds involved in diverse range of biological processes in all living organisms. Seed priming is a technique that improves seed performance by rapid and uniform germination with normal and vigorous seedlings. A laboratory study was performed to explore the benefits of seed priming with polyamines on seed germination and seedling growth of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Hot pepper seeds were primed in aerated solution of putrescine, spermine, or spermidine (25, 50, 75, and 100 mM) for 48 h at 25 ± 2 °C. Significant results (P < 0.05) were observed for different attributes of seed germination and early seedling growth. Polyamines priming resulted in earlier and synchronized germination via improving final... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Seed priming; Capsicum annuum; Polyamines. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392012000300018 |
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| Bastías,Richard M; Manfrini,Luigi; Corelli Grappadelli,Luca. |
| The effect of shading (i.e. reduction of sunlight availability) on fruit growth physiology has been widely studied in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), but little knowledge exist about fruit growth responses to changes in the light spectrum. The aim of the present research was to study the effect of use of colored nets with differential sunlight transmission in the blue (B, 400-500 nm), red (R, 600-700 nm) and far-red (FR, 700-800 nm) spectra on apple fruit growth and physiological associated responses. Three year old 'Fuji' apple trees were covered with 40% photo-selective blue and red shade nets, 40% neutral grey shade net, and 20% neutral white net as control. Red and blue net reduced in the same proportion (27%) the photosynthetically active radiation... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Sunlight spectrum management; Fruit size; Photosynthesis; Morphogenesis. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392012000200010 |
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| Echeverría,Rodrigo; Gopinath,Munisamy. |
| This paper analyzes the export-behavior of Chilean agribusiness and food processing firms and the relative importance of firm-specific and geographic characteristics in this behavior. Using firm level data and regional geographic indicators, a dynamic model was used to study the export decisions and the export intensity of three industries: processing fish, processing fruits and vegetables, and wine production. Results showed that determinants of exporting behavior vary among the three industries, except the effect of sunk costs, which strongly impacts the export decisions of all analyzed industries. This implies that firms with prior export experience will have higher probability of exporting in the future. Foreign ownership positively impacts the export... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Export decision; Export intensity; Geography. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392008000400007 |
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| Berti,Maritza; Pinto,Manuel. |
| Early light induced proteins (ELIP) are a type of proteins which are expressed before than other chloroplast proteins in the presence of light. These proteins have been studied in a large number of annual species such as pea (Pisum sativum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and Arabidopsis sp. In perennials plants the studies about ELIPs are very scarce. The possible photoprotective function of the ELIPs has motivated the interest in investigating the presence of this type of proteins in a perennial plant such as grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) and if their characteristics differ from those found in annual plants. In this paper a comparative study was conducted on the ELIPs expression in grapevine and pea to investigate whether there are differences regarding... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Photoinhibition; ELIPs induction; Abiotic stress; Vitis vinifera; Pisum sativum. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392012000300011 |
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| Registros recuperados: 390 | |
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